Peer-reviewed Journal Articles

66. Azad, A.; Liu, H. Pharmaceutical and personal care products in recycled water for edible crop irrigation: Understanding the occurrence, crop uptake, and water quantity effects. Agriculture Water Management. 2024, 304, 109047.

65. Tang, X.; Liu, H. Mechanisms of Alleviating Gypsum Scaling by Antiscalants during Membrane Desalination: Implications on Agricultural Drainage Water Reuse. ACS ES&T Water. 2024, 4 (8), 3486–3494.

64. Azad, A.; Farooq, H.; Verdi, A.; Liu, H. Integrating UV/Persulfate and deficit irrigation for recycled wastewater irrigation to reduce pharmaceutical accumulation and improve edible crop quality. Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters. 2024, 100115.

63. Azad, A.; Iradukunda, J. C.; Men, Y.; Haghverdi, A.; Liu, H. Persulfate photolysis and limited irrigation of recycled wastewater for turfgrass growth: accumulation of pharmaceutical and personal care products and physiological responses. Water Research. 2024, 122009.

62. Liu, S.; Chen, G.; Shi, Q.; Gan, J.; Jin, B.; Men, Y.; Liu, H. Promotive effects of chloride and sulfate on the near-complete destruction of perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) in brine via hydrogen-tuned 185-nm UV photolysis: mechanisms and kinetics. Environmental Science & Technology. 2024, 58 (23), 10347–10356.

61. Wu, L.; Liu, S.; Liu, H. Mechanisms of formation of oxidative radicals via dichloramine hydrolysis: implications on potable reuse applications. Environmental Science & Technology. 2024, 58, 13157-13167.

60. Mangalgiri, K.; Cheng, Z.; Liu, H. Development of dissolved organic matter-based indicators to understand the degradation of organic contaminants in reverse osmosis concentrate from potable reuse systems. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2024, 470, 134060.

59. Kum, S.; Tang, X.; Liu, H. Recovery of fresh water and minerals from inland brackish desalination brine via persulfate-based photochemical treatment and demineralization. Separation and Purification Technology. 2024, 342, 126994.

58. Gao, J.; Qin, T.; Wacławek, S.; Duan, X.; Huang, Y.; Liu, H.; Dionysiou, D. The application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to treat unconventional water for fit-for-purpose reuse Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering. 2023, 42, 100974.

57. Sanchez, A.; Ye, Z.; Yin, Y.; Liu, H. Photochemical conversion of nitrate to ammonium ions by a newly developed photo-reductive titanium dioxide catalyst: implications on nitrogen recovery. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2023, 9 (12), 3318-3324.

56. Gao, J.; Chen, G.; Fu, Q.; Ren, C.; Tan, C.; Liu, H.; Wang, Y.; Liu, J. Enhancing aqueous chlorate reduction using vanadium redox cycles and pH control. Environmental Science & Technology. 2023, 57 (48), 20392-20399.

55. Tan, C.; Liu, H. Inhibition of hexavalent chromium release from drinking water distribution systems: effects of corrosion control strategies. Environmental Science & Technology. 2023, 57 (47), 18433-18442.

54. Gao, J.; Qiang, Z.; Cheng, T.; Yin, Y.; Liu, H.; Chen, B.; Liu, J. Accelerating catalytic oxyanion reduction with inert metal hydroxides. Environmental Science & Technology. 2023, 57 (3), 1479–1486

53. Feraud, M.; Ahearn, S. P.; Parker, E. A.; Avasarala, S.; Rugh, M. B.; Hung, W. C.; Li, D.; Van De Werfhorst, L. C.; Kefela, T.; Hemati, A.; Mehring, A. S.; Cao, Y.; Jay, J. A.; Liu, H.; Grant, S. B.; Holden, P. Stormwater biofilter response to high nitrogen loading under transient flow conditions: ammonium and nitrate fates, and N₂O emissions. Water Research. 2023, 230, 119501.

52. Kum, S.; Tang, X.; Liu, H. Calcium demineralization and water recovery from brackish water desalination brine via antiscalant removal using persulfate photolysis. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2023, 9, 1137-1146.

51. Chen, G.; Liu, S.; Shi, Q.; Gan, J.; Jin, B.; Men, Y.; Liu, H. Hydrogen-polarized vacuum ultraviolet photolysis system for enhanced destruction of perfluoroalkyl substances. Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters. 2022, 3, 100072.

50. Su, Y.; Zhou, X.; Meng, H.; Xia, T.; Liu, H.; Rolshausen, P.; Roper,C.; McLean, J. E.; Zhang, Y.;  Keller, A. A.; Jassby, D. Cost-benefit analysis of nano fertilizers and nano pesticides emphasizes the need to improve the efficiency of nano formulations for wide-scale adoption. Nature Food. 2022, 3, 1020-1030.

49. Liang, W.; Samuel, P.; Liu, H. Mechanisms of oxidative reactions via free chlorine mixing into monochloramine: implications on water treatment and reuse. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2022, 440, 129760

48. Rugh; M. B.; Grant, S. B.; Hung, W. C.; Jay, J. A.; Parker, E. A.; Feraud, M.; Li, D.; Avasarala, S.; Holden, P. A.; Liu, H.; Rippy, M. A.; Van De Werfhorst, L. C.; Kefela, T.; Peng, J.; Shao, S.; Graham, K. E.; Boehm, A. B.; Choi, S.; Mohanty, S. K.; Cao, Y. Highly variable removal of pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes, conventional fecal indicators and human-associated fecal source markers in a pilot-scale stormwater biofilter operated under realistic stormflow conditions. Water Research. 2022, 219, 118525.

47. Patton, S.; Dodd, M.; Liu, H. Degradation of 1,4-dioxane by reactive species generated during breakpoint chlorination: proposed mechanisms and implications for water reuse. Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters. 2022, 3, 100054.

46. Tang, X.; Kum, S.; Liu, H. Inland desalination brine disposal: a baseline study from Southern California on brine transport infrastructure and treatment potential. ACS ES&T Engineering. 2022, 2 (3), 456-464.

45. Hung, W.; Rugh, M.; Feraud, M.; Avasarala, S.; Kurylo, J.; Gutierrez, M.; Jimenez, K.; Truong, N.; Holden, P. A.; Grant, S. B.; Liu, H.; Ambrose, R. F.; Jay, A. J. Influence of soil characteristics and metal(loid)s on antibiotic resistance genes in green stormwater infrastructure in Southern California. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021, 424, 127469.

44. Mangalgiri, K.; Cheng, Z.; Cervantes, S.; Spencer, S.; Liu, H. UV-based advanced oxidation of dissolved organic matter in reverse osmosis concentrate from a potable water reuse facility: A Parallel-Factor (PARAFAC) analysis approach. Water Research. 2021, 204, 117585.

43. Abernathy, M. J.; Schaefer, M. V.; Liu, H.; Ying, S.C. The oxidation of V(IV) by birnessite: kinetics and surface complexation. Environmental Science & Technology. 2021, 55, 11703−11712.

42. Parker, E.A.; Grant, S.B.; Cao, Y.; Rippy, M.A.; McGuire, K.; Holden, P.; Feraud, M.; Avasarala, S.; Liu, H.; Hung, W.; Rugh, M.; Jay, J.; Peng, J.; Shao, S. Predicting unsteady solute transport through green stormwater infrastructure with transit time distribution theory. Water Resources Research. 2020, 10.1029/2020WR028579. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028579

41. Avasarala, S.; Orta, J.; Schaefer, M.; Abernathy, M.; Ying, S.; Liu, H. Effects of residual disinfectants on the redox speciation of lead (II)/(IV) minerals in drinking water distribution systems. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2021, 7 (2), 357-366. DOI: 10.1039/D0EW00706D.

40. Tan, C.; Avasarala, S.; Liu, H. Hexavalent chromium release in drinking water distribution systems: new insights into zerovalent chromium in iron corrosion scales. Environmental Science & Technology. 2020, 54 (20), 13036–13045. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03922.

39. Liu, H.; Yu, X. Hexavalent chromium in drinking water: chemistry, treatment, challenges and future outlook on Sn(II)- and photocatalyst-based treatment. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering. 2020, 14 (5), 88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1267-4

38. Naddeo, V.; Liu, H. 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): what is its fate in urban water cycle and how can the water research community respond? Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2020, 6 (5), 1213-1216. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0EW90015J

37. Chen, G.; Liu, H. Photochemical removal of hexavalent chromium and nitrate from ion-exchange brine waste using carbon-centered radicals. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2020, 396, 125236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125136

36. Mangalgiri, K.; Patton, S.; Wu, L.; Xu, S.; Ishida, K.; Liu, H. Optimizing potable water reuse systems: chloramines or hydrogen peroxide for UV/based advanced oxidation process? Environmental Science & Technology. 2019, 53 (22), 13323-13331. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03062

35. Matsumoto, M.; Liu, H. Mercury speciation and remediation strategies at a historically elemental mercury spilled site. Journal of hazardous Materials. 2020, 384, 121351.  DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121351

34. Jain, T.; Sanchez, E.; Owens-Bennett, E.; Trussell, R.; Walker, S.; Liu, H. Impacts of antiscalants on the formation of calcium solids: implication on scaling potential of brackish desalination concentrate. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2019, 5 (7), 1285-1294. 10.1039/C9EW00351G

33. Wang, Z.; Chen, G.; Patton, S.; Ren, C.; Liu, J.; Liu, H. Degradation of nitrilotris-methylenephosphonic acid (NTMP) antiscalant via persulfate photolysis: implications on desalination concentrate treatment. Water Research. 2019, 159, 30-37. DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.051

32. Korshin, G.; Liu, H. Controlling the colloidal stability of PbO₂ and associated lead release in drinking water distribution systems. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2019, 5 (7), 1262 - 1269. DOI: 10.1039/C9EW00231F 

31. Yu, X.; Niksa, D.; Ge, X.; Liu, H.; Hille, R.; Mulchandani, A. Synthesis of formate from CO₂ gas catalyzed by an O₂-tolerant NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase.  ACS Biochemistry. 2019, 58 (14), 1861–1868. DOI:10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01301

30. Henrie, T.; Plummer, S.; Orta, J.; Bigley, S.; Seidel, C.; Liu, H. Full-scale demonstration testing of hexavalent chromium reduction via stannous chloride application. American Water Works Association Water Science. 2019, e1136. DOI:10.1002/aws2.1136

29. Fraiese, A.; Naddeo, V.; Uyguner-Demirel, C. S.; Prado, M.; Cesaro, A.; Zarra ,T.; Liu, H.; Belgiorno, V.; Ballesteros, Jr. F. Removal of emerging contaminants in wastewater by sonolysis, photocatalysis and ozonation. Global NEST Journal. 2019, 21 (2), 98-105. DOI/10.30955/gnj.002625

28. Chen, G.; Hanukovich, S.; Chebeir, M.; Christopher, P.; Liu, H. Nitrate removal via formate radical-induced homogeneous photochemical denitrification. Environmental Science & Technology. 2019, 53 (1), 316-324. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04683

27. Patton. S.; Romano, M.; Naddeo, V.; Ishida, K. P.; Liu, H. Impacts of chloramines on UV photolysis of hydrogen peroxide: removal of trace organic contaminants for potable reuse. Environmental Science & Technology. 2018, 52 (20), 11720-11727. DOI/10.1021/acs.est.8b01023

26. Li, W.; Xu, E.; Schlenk, D.; Liu, H. Cyto- and geno-toxicity of 1,4-dioxane transformation products during UV/AOP for potable water reuse. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2018, 4 (9), 1213-1218. DOI: 10.1039/C8EW00107C

25. Chebeir, M.; Liu, H. Formation of Cr(VI) in drinking water via iron chromite oxidation by chlorine: role of iron, bromide, pH and carbonate. Environmental Science & Technology. 2018, 52 (14), 7663-7670. DOI/10.1021/acs.est.7b06013

24. Li, W.; Ishida, K. P.; Mezyk, S. P.; Liu, H. Simultaneous UV photolysis of chloramine and persulfate in reserve osmosis permeate for potable water reuse. Environmental Science & Technology. 2018, 52 (11), 6417-6425. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06042

23. Ngo-Duc, T.; Plank, J. M.; Chen, G.; Harrison, R.E.S.; Morikis, D.; Liu, H.; Haberer, E. D. M13 bacteriophage spheroids as scaffolds for directed synthesis of spiky gold nanostructures. Nanoscale. 2018, 10 (27), 13055-13063. DOI: 10.1039/C8NR03229G

22. Chen, G.; Liu, H. Understanding the kinetics and mechanisms of aqueous vanadium(V) reductive reactions using electrochemical techniques. Environmental Science & Technology. 2017, 51 (20), 11643-11651. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02021

21. Orta, J.; Patton, S.; Liu, H. Bromide-assisted catalytic oxidation of lead(II) solids by chlorine in drinking water distribution systems. Chemical Communications, 2017, 53 (62), 8695-8698. DOI: 10.1039/C7CC02533E 

20. Wordofa, D.; Walker, S.L.; Liu, H. Sulfate radical-induced disinfection of pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 via iron activation persulfate. Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017, 4 (4), 154-160. DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00035

19. Li, W.; Orozco, R.; Camargos, N.; Liu, H. Impacts of pH, alkalinity and chloride on heterogeneous persulfate activation for groundwater remediation. Environmental Science & Technology. 2017, 51 (7), 3948-3959. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04849

18. Duan, W.; Chen, G.; Chen, C.; Sanghvi, R.; Walker, S.; Liu, H.; Ronen, A.; Jassby, D. Electrochemical removal of hexavalent chromium using electrically conducting carbon nanotube/polymer composite ultrafiltration membranes. Journal of Membrane Science. 2017, 531, 160-171. DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.02.050

17. Pari, S.; Wang, I.; Liu, H.; Wong, B.M. Sulfate radical oxidation of aromatic contaminants: a detailed assessment of density functional theory and high-level quantum chemical methods. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts. 2017,19 (3), 395-404. DOI: 10.1039/C7EM00009J

16. Patton, S.; Li, W.; Couch, K.; Mezyk, S.; Ishida, K.; Liu, H. The impact of the UV Photolysis of monochloramine on 1,4-dioxane removal: implications on potable water reuse. Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017, 4 (1), 26-30. DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.6b00444

 15. Chen, G.; Feng, J.; Wang, W.; Yin, Y.; Liu, H. Photocatalytic removal of hexavalent chromium by newly designed and highly reductive TiO₂ nanocrystals. Water Research. 2017, 108, 383-390. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.11.013

14. Prado, M.; Borea, L.; Cesaro, A.; Liu, H.; Naddeo, V.; Belgiorno, V.; Ballesteros, F. Removal of emerging contaminant and fouling control in membrane bioreactors by combined ozonation and sonolysis. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 2017, 119, 577-586. DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.10.044

 13. Li, W.; Jain, T.; Ishida, K.; Remucal, C. K.; Liu, H. A mechanistic understanding of the degradation of trace organic contaminants by UV/hydrogen peroxide, UV/persulfate and UV/free chlorine for water reuse. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2017, 3 (1) 128-138. DOI: 10.1039/C6EW00242K

 12. Chebeir, M.; Chen, G.; Liu, H. Occurrence and speciation of chromium in drinking water distribution systems. Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. 2016, 2 (6), 906-914. DOI: 10.1039/C6EW00214E.

11. Chebeir, M.; Liu, H. Kinetics and mechanisms of Cr(VI) formation via the oxidation of Cr(III) solid phases by chlorine in drinking water. Environmental Science & Technology. 2016, 50 (2), 701-710.  DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05739.

 10. Liu, H;. Bruton, T.; Li, W.; Van Buren, J.; Prasse, C.; Doyle, F.A.; Sedlak, D.L. Oxidation of benzene by persulfate in the presence of Fe(III)- and Mn(IV)-containing oxides: stoichiometric efficiency and transformation products. Environmental Science & Technology. 2016, 50 (2), 890-898  DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04815.

 9. Qin, C.; Liu, H.; Liu, L.; Smith, S.; Sedlak, D.L.; Gu, A.Z. Bioavailability and characterization of dissolved organic nitrogen and dissolved organic phosphorus in wastewater effluents. Science of the Total Environment. 2015, 511 (1), 47-53. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.005

 8. Liu, H.; Bruton, T.; Doyle, F.; Sedlak, D.L. A. In situ chemical oxidation of contaminated groundwater by persulfate: decomposition by Fe(III)- and Mn(IV)-containing oxides and Aquifer Materials. Environmental Science & Technology. 2014, 48 (17), 10330-10336. DOI: 10.1021/es502056d

 7. Liu, H.; Schonberger, K. D.; Peng, C.Y.; Korshin, G.V.; Ferguson, J.F.; Meyerhofer, P; Desormeaux, E.; Luckenbach, H. Effects of blending of desalinated water and conventionally treated surface water on iron release from corroding surfaces and pre-existing scales. Water Research, 2013, 47 (11), 3817-3826. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.052

 6. Liu, H.; Kuznetsov, A. M.; Masliy, A. N.; Korshin, G.V.; Ferguson, J.F. Formation of Pb(III) intermediates in the electrochemically controlled Pb(II)/PbO₂ System. Environmental Science & Technology. 2012, 46 (3), 1430-1438. DOI: 10.1221/es203084n

 5. Liu, H.; Jeong, J.; Gray, H.; Smith, S.; Sedlak, D.L. Algal uptake of hydrophobic and hydrophilic dissolved organic nitrogen in effluent from biological nutrient removal municipal wastewater treatment systems. Environmental Science & Technology. 2012, 46 (2), 713-721. DOI: 10.1021/es203085y

4. Liu, H.; Schonberger, K. D.; Korshin, G.V.; Ferguson, J.F.; Meyerhofer, P; Desormeaux, E.; Luckenbach, H. Effects of blending of desalinated water with treated surface drinking water on copper and lead release. Water Research. 2010, 44 (14), 4057-4066. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.05.014

 3. Liu, H.; Korshin, G.V.; Ferguson, J.F. Interactions of Pb(II)/Pb(IV) solid phases with chlorine and their effects on lead release. Environmental Science & Technology. 2009, 43 (9), 3278-3284. DOI: 10.1021/es803179b

 2. Liu, H.; Korshin, G.V.; Ferguson, J.F. Investigation of the kinetics and mechanisms of the oxidation of cerussite and hydrocerussite by chlorine. Environmental Science & Technology. 2008, 42 (9), 3241-3247. DOI: 10.1021/es7024406

1. Liu, H.; Korshin, G.V.; Ferguson, J.F.; Jiang, W. Key parameters and kinetics of oxidation of lead (II) solid phases by chlorine in drinking water. Water Practice and Technology. 2006, 1 (4), wpt2006092. DOI: 10.2166/WPT.2006092.